Syria - سـوريا - (officially the Syrian Arab Republic), is a country in Southwest Asia, bordering the Mediterranean Sea and Lebanon to the west, Palestine to the southwest, Jordan to the south, Iraq to the east, and Turkey to the north..

Archaeologists have demonstrated that the civilization in Syria was one of the most ancient on earth, The latest discoveries from archaeological excavations prove that Syria witnessed human activities more than one million years ago. Evidence of this is found in the northwest parts of Syria. In addition, caves found near Ma'aloula prove that humans existed there about fifty to one-hundred thousand years ago.

The Most Important Civilizations that passed through and remind in Syria were ( Acadians, Canaanites, Palmyrians,Romans, Byzantines and Finally the Islamic Civilization )




The Major Cities In Syria Are :
Damascus, Aleppo , Homs , Lattakia , Hama and Tartous ..



- Damascus :
Damascus is the oldest continuously inhabited city in the world. It has occupied a position of importance in the fields of science, culture, politics, art commerce, and industry from the earliest times












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- Aleppo :
Situated 350km north of Damascus, Aleppo is the second capital of Syria and is one of the oldest continuously most inhabited cities in history. Abraham is said to have camped on the acropolis, which long before this time, served as the foundation of a fortress (where the Aleppo citadel now stands)










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- Hama :
The city is 200 km to the north of Damascus and 60 km to the east of Banyas. It is a very ancient city, which flourished continually since ancient times and has known the successive civilizations of the Fertile Crescent








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The main ancient cities in Syria that evoke the story of civilisation and culture at its very beginning are; Mari, Ebla, Ugarit, Amrit, Aphamea,Ugaret ,Palmyra ,Bosra , Damascus and Aleppo. The first signs of settlements and agriculture appeared in Syria thousands of years ago, which marked the beginning of humanity and civilisation.




- Palmyra :
This ancient city is the jewel in the crown of Syrian heritage sites. The site covers 50 hectares and has been extensively excavated and restored. The new town to the west now thrives on a mainly tourist driven economy, with 40,000 inhabitants. This infrastructure together with the extensive relics of antiquity on offer effectively distinguish Palmyra as a resort, rather than an interesting day trip: A day trip would only leave time for terribly hurried viewing of this stunning and unique site, which is best viewed at sunrise amongst the pillars ..













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The Landscape :

Starting from the Coast, to the Mountains to the Steppe and Desert, Syria is a land of great diversity














The Coast:

With about 110 miles (180 kilometers) along the Mediterranean Sea, Syria has quite a short coastline. The coast lies between the Turkish province of Iskanderoun, and Lebanon. It includes both areas of Sandy shores and cliffs and rocky headlands












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Syrian People And City Life :

















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" Syria ,,

She saw the foundation of Baalbeck, and Thebes and Ephesus laid:
She saw these villages grow into mighty cities,
And amaze the world with their grandeur –
And she has lived to see them desolate, deserted, and given over to the owls and the bats.

In her old age she saw Rome built;
She saw it overshadow the world with its power;
She saw it perish.

She has looked upon the dry bones of a thousand empires,
and will see the tombs of a thousand more before she dies."


- Mark Twain
The Innocents Abroad, 1869